Respiratory viral infections and their role in human cardiovascular diseases

Acute respiratory viral infections are the most common human diseases. Symptoms of infection vary from a slight cold to critical condition requiring artificial lung ventilation and support cardiovascular system. Main risk factors severe disease include high load, co-infection with other pathogens, age 0 2 years older than 65 years, immunodeficiency. Cardiac manifestations usually caused by indirect effects due inflammatory reaction resulting in systemic increase proinflammatory cytokines, so called cytokine storm. However, there have been reports on identification viruses isolated directly myocardial tissue, or testing RNA myocardium using real-time polymerase chain reaction. This review discusses direct causing complications. The authors discuss similarities differences immunopathogenic mechanisms associated COVID-19, influenza infection, as well diseases enteroviruses, syncytial viruses, metapneumoviruses, parainfluenza viruses.